Golestan Palace, located in the center of Tehran, is one of Iran’s most famous historical sites. Known for its beautiful gardens and ornate buildings, the palace offers a glimpse into the luxurious life of Persian royalty. Before you visit, there are a few important things to know to make the most of your experience. This guide will help you understand the palace’s history and what to expect during your trip.
Overview of Golestan Palace
Golestan Palace is a historic royal complex in Tehran, Iran, and one of the oldest structures in the city, dating back to the Safavid era. However, most of what visitors see today was developed during the Qajar dynasty, when the palace served as the royal residence. The complex is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is renowned for its stunning blend of Persian and European architectural styles.
The palace features a series of grand halls, museums, and galleries, each adorned with intricate tile work, mirrors, and elaborate frescoes. Key attractions within the complex include the Marble Throne, where Qajar kings were crowned, and the Hall of Mirrors, famous for its dazzling mirror mosaics. The gardens of the Palace are equally impressive, offering a peaceful retreat from the crowded city.
The Palace played a significant role in Iran’s history, serving as the backdrop for many important events, including royal ceremonies and diplomatic receptions.
Location of Golestan Palace
Golestan Palace is located near Arg Square (also known as Ark Square), close to the Grand Bazaar of Tehran. The palace’s central location makes it easily accessible for visitors exploring the city, whether they are coming from nearby attractions or other parts of Tehran. Here is the exact address:
Golestan Palace, Arg Square, 15 Khordad Street, Tehran, Iran
How to Get to Golestan Palace?
Getting to the Palace is relatively easy due to its central location in Tehran. Here are a few ways to reach the palace:
By Metro
Nearest Station: Panzdah-e Khordad Metro Station (Line 1, Red Line).
Directions: After exiting the station, it’s a short walk to the palace. Follow the signs or ask locals for directions to the Palace.
By Bus
Several bus routes pass through the vicinity of the Palace, especially those heading towards or from the Grand Bazaar. You can get off at a stop near the palace and walk to the entrance.
By Taxi or Ride-Sharing
Taxis and ride-sharing services like Snapp (Iran’s version of Uber) are widely available in Tehran. Simply tell the driver you’re going to “Kakh-e Golestan” (Golestan Palace), and they should know the way.
By Private Car
If you are driving, there are parking facilities near the palace, though parking might be limited during peak hours. It’s best to park nearby and walk to the palace.
Golestan Palace Photos
Golestan Palace Site Map
Golestan Palace Working Hours
Golestan Palace is typically open to visitors every day, but the hours may vary. The palace may be closed on certain national holidays or for special events, so it’s a good idea to check in advance.
Opening hours: Saturday to Wednesday: 9 am to 6 pm, Ticket office: 9 am to 5 pm
Opening hours: Thursday and Friday: 9 am to 7 pm, Ticket office: 9 am to 6 pm 16:35
It is suggested to consider the time of your visit according to the visiting hours of the Palace, as you need at least two hours to visit the complex.
The entry ticket price for the Palace can vary depending on what you wish to see. To enter each part of the palace, you need to pay 150,000 IRR – 300,000 IRR depending on the building.
Golestan Palace Main buildings
Here is an overview of the main buildings in the Palace:
Marble Throne (Takht e Marmar)
The Marble Throne is an iconic structure in the Golestan Palace, located in the main courtyard. This grand outdoor pavilion features an intricately carved throne made of yellow marble, created during the reign of Fath-Ali Shah of the Qajar dynasty. The throne was used for coronation ceremonies and other royal events. Surrounding the throne are beautiful arches adorned with delicate tilework.
Karim Khani Nook (Khalvat e Karim Khani)
Karim Khani Nook is a small, serene pavilion named after the founder of the Zand dynasty, Karim Khan Zand. This quiet retreat was once used by Qajar kings as a resting place. Its modest design contrasts with the palace’s more opulent sections, featuring a small marble throne and tranquil water features. This nook provides a peaceful atmosphere where kings would sit and enjoy the surrounding gardens.
Museum of Anthropology (White Palace)
Also known as the White Palace, the Museum of Anthropology is housed within the palace complex and offers a detailed look into Iranian culture and customs. The museum displays traditional clothing, tools, and artifacts from different regions of Iran, giving visitors insight into the daily lives of the Iranian people throughout history.
Pond House (Howz Khaneh)
The Pond House, or Howz Khaneh, was used as a summer retreat by the royal family. This structure is named after the pool (howz) located in its center, which provided cooling effects during the hot months. The walls are decorated with colorful tiles, and the interior is filled with artwork and decorative elements.
Ivory Hall (Talar e Adj)
Ivory Hall is known for its fine collection of ivory objects, including furniture and decorative items gifted to the Qajar kings. The hall has an elegant design, with beautiful chandeliers, mirrors, and intricate woodwork.
Brilliant Hall (Talar e Brelian)
Brilliant Hall is named for its stunning mirror work and sparkling chandeliers. This hall was designed to host royal gatherings and banquets, and its name reflects the dazzling light effects created by the mirrors covering the walls and ceiling.
Utensil Hall (Talar e Zoruf)
Utensil Hall houses an impressive collection of royal dishes, utensils, and silverware used during official feasts and gatherings. The items on display range from delicate porcelain to intricately designed silverware.
Mirror Hall (Talar e Aineh)
One of the most famous halls in Golestan Palace, Mirror Hall is renowned for its dazzling mirror mosaics that cover the walls and ceiling. These reflective surfaces create a mesmerizing effect as light bounces off them, making the room sparkle. The hall was used for important royal ceremonies and receptions.
Salam Hall (Talar e Salam)
Originally intended as a museum, Salam Hall became the location for royal audiences and official ceremonies. The hall is decorated with European-style paintings, ornate stuccoes, and luxurious furnishings. The crown jewels were once displayed here, adding to its prestigious atmosphere.
The Windcatcher Building (Emarat e Badgir)
The Windcatcher Building, also known as Emarat e Badgir, features four wind towers that provide natural ventilation to the interior, cooling the rooms in the summer. This building is a great example of traditional Persian architecture adapted to the climate. Inside, it is richly decorated with tilework and mirrors.
Edifice of the Sun (Shams ol Emareh)
Shams ol Emareh, or the Edifice of the Sun, is one of the tallest and most prominent buildings in Golestan Palace. Built by Naser al-Din Shah, it was inspired by European architecture and designed to provide panoramic views of Tehran. The building’s two-story towers are beautifully adorned with tiles, and its elevated structure symbolizes royal power and ambition.
Museum of Gifts (Muze-ye Hadaya)
The Museum of Gifts houses a fascinating collection of gifts presented to the Qajar kings by foreign dignitaries. The items on display include ornate jewelry, luxurious fabrics, and precious artifacts. This museum showcases the international relations and diplomatic ties of the Qajar dynasty.
Abyaz Palace (Kakh-e Abyaz)
Abyaz Palace is one of the newer buildings in the Palace, built under Naser al-Din Shah. Its architecture is heavily influenced by Ottoman design, and the palace now serves as an ethnographic museum, displaying artifacts from different cultures.
Museum Hall (Talar-e Muze)
Museum Hall is a gallery that displays a diverse collection of art, including paintings, sculptures, and rare manuscripts. The hall shows the Qajar kings’ interest in both Persian and European art. The collection includes works by Iranian artists as well as European masters.
History of Golestan Palace
The history of Golestan Palace showcases the evolution of Iranian architecture and culture through various dynasties. Its origins date back to the Safavid era (1501–1736), but the complex underwent significant expansion and transformation during the Qajar dynasty (1789–1925), which is when it became a royal residence and the focal point of the monarchy.
Safavid Era
Golestan Palace’s earliest structures were built in the 16th century during the reign of Shah Abbas I of the Safavid dynasty. At that time, it was part of a larger citadel known as the “Arg of Tehran,” which served as a military stronghold. While little remains of these original structures, this period marks the palace’s foundational development.
Zand Dynasty
In the mid-18th century, Karim Khan Zand, the ruler of the Zand dynasty, briefly moved the capital to Tehran and used the Arg as his royal residence. He built a pavilion, the Karim Khani Nook, which we discussed earlier. After his death, the capital shifted away, and the Arg lost prominence until the rise of the Qajars.
Qajar Dynasty
Golestan Palace saw its most extensive development during the Qajar dynasty. When Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar established Tehran as the capital of Iran in 1786, the palace became the main royal residence. His successor, Fath-Ali Shah, and later kings like Naser al-Din Shah, expanded the palace into the grand complex it is today.
Naser al-Din Shah, who ruled for nearly 50 years, is credited with the most significant renovations and expansions. He had a keen interest in European architecture and aesthetics, which influenced many of the buildings within the Palace. Notably, he added the Shams ol Emareh (Edifice of the Sun), a tall structure inspired by European towers, which became a symbol of Tehran’s modernization. Under his rule, the palace became a center for diplomatic activities, royal ceremonies, and cultural exchanges.
Pahlavi Era
During the reign of the Pahlavi dynasty (1925–1979), Tehran’s modernization shifted the royal focus away from the Palace. Reza Shah and later Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi preferred more modern residences, and the Palace’s importance as a royal residence declined. However, the palace was still used for official events, including the coronation of Mohammad Reza Shah in 1967.
After the Iranian Revolution of 1979, the monarchy was abolished, and Golestan Palace was converted into a museum. Recognizing its cultural and historical significance, the palace was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2013.
Conclusion
With its beautiful buildings, gardens, and detailed artwork, Golestan Palace offers visitors a special look into the luxury of the Qajar era. Whether you’re viewing the Marble Throne, exploring the museums, or admiring the mirror-covered halls, the palace offers a memorable experience. As one of the top Tehran attractions, the Palace showcases Iran’s history and artistic achievements in a way that visitors won’t forget.
FAQs
Q1: Why is Golestan Palace famous?
As one of the oldest royal complexes in Tehran, the palace is renowned for its blend of Persian and European styles. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, making it an important cultural landmark in Iran.
Q2: How old is the Golestan Palace?
Golestan Palace dates back over 400 years, with its origins in the Safavid era in the 16th century. However, most of the current structures were built or expanded during the Qajar dynasty in the 19th century, when it became the royal residence.
Q4: How much does it cost to go to Golestan Palace?
The entry ticket for Golestan Palace costs 300,000 IRR. Individual buildings or exhibits within the complex require separate tickets, which range from 150,000 IRR to 300,000 IRR.
